How AI Coding Assistants Are Changing Software Development – Insights from Early Adopters

Introduction

AI-powered coding assistants like ChatGPT, Google Gemini, and GitHub Copilot have taken the software development world by storm. These tools promise to make coding faster, debugging easier, and even help programmers learn new skills. But how do they actually perform in real-world software development?

A recent study sheds light on how early-adopter developers use these AI tools in their daily workflows. Researchers interviewed 16 professional developers to explore how large language models (LLMs) are influencing software engineering – from coding processes to job roles and even the industry at large.

Here’s what they found.

How Are AI Coding Assistants Helping Developers?

Boosting Productivity and Efficiency

One of the biggest advantages of AI-powered code assistants is speed. Developers reported that tools like ChatGPT and GitHub Copilot helped them generate code snippets, summarize documentation, and debug issues much faster than traditional methods.

For instance, instead of searching Stack Overflow or combing through long documentation, many developers now use ChatGPT as their first stop for coding-related questions. They found that responses were not only faster but also more contextually relevant.

“I haven’t been on Google probably for three weeks… ChatGPT gives me summaries from multiple sources in one go.” – Early adopter developer

Other common benefits included:

✅ Automating repetitive coding tasks
✅ Auto-generating boilerplate code
✅ Translating code between programming languages
✅ Helping developers learn new languages and frameworks quickly

Smarter Debugging and Code Reviews

Many developers leveraged LLMs for debugging tricky errors or explaining why a piece of code wasn’t working. Instead of manually searching for syntax errors, developers could paste their code into ChatGPT and get a detailed explanation of potential issues.

Some solo developers even used AI as their personal code reviewer, especially when working without peers to give feedback.

“I use ChatGPT as my immediate debugging tool. It points me in the right direction and saves me hours of troubleshooting.”

However, AI-generated code reviews weren’t perfect. Developers had to double-check AI outputs to avoid introducing unnecessary complexity or security vulnerabilities.

The Challenges of Using AI in Software Development

While AI-powered coding assistants provide many benefits, they also come with a set of challenges that developers need to navigate carefully.

1. AI Can Hallucinate (Make Things Up!)

LLMs are notorious for generating inaccurate or misleading code—a problem often called “hallucinations.” Several developers reported that ChatGPT sometimes created non-existent programming functions or cited fake sources as references.

👎 Example issue: One developer asked ChatGPT to generate SQL queries, but the model mixed up syntax from multiple programming languages, leading to invalid queries.

2. Over-Engineered Solutions & Repetitive Mistakes

AI-generated code often overcomplicates simple tasks. Instead of writing a clean, minimal solution, AI sometimes adds unnecessary code structures that developers had to clean up later.

“Sometimes I ask for a small function, and ChatGPT over-engineers it with unnecessary objects and complexity.”

Similarly, LLMs struggled with novel or complex problems that weren’t already widely discussed in public datasets. The model had trouble reasoning about logic that wasn’t explicitly present in its training data.

3. Developers Still Have to Be the Decision-Makers

One of the key takeaways from the study was that AI is a tool, not a replacement for developers. Companies still need human engineers to:

✅ Verify AI-generated outputs
✅ Make architectural decisions
✅ Ensure security & best coding practices
✅ Understand business requirements

Developers also noted that LLMs could undermine entry-level job opportunities, as junior developers typically work on simple, repetitive coding tasks that AI can now automate.

How AI Is Changing Software Development Workflows

The study explored how AI-powered tools are reshaping the entire software development lifecycle (SDLC). Developers shared how they are integrating LLMs into different phases of development:

✅ Planning: AI helps brainstorm and refine requirements, but can’t replace human input for client needs.
✅ Design & Ideation: AI is great for generating initial ideas, but developers still need to break down problems for complex solutions.
✅ Coding & Prototyping: AI speeds up code generation, but its quality varies – manual review is essential.
✅ Testing & Debugging: AI assists with unit tests and error detection, saving time in troubleshooting.
✅ Documentation & Internal Communication: LLMs help write project documentation, summarize technical materials, and explain code to teams.

The verdict? AI isn’t fully automating programming, but it’s giving developers significant advantages in specific parts of the software development process.

The Future of AI in Software Development

1. More Advanced AI Tools in IDEs

Current AI-powered tools like GitHub Copilot and Amazon Q integrate directly into coding environments. Future advancements might allow LLMs to:

🚀 Understand longer context windows to give better recommendations
🚀 Improve error detection and self-correction
🚀 Assist more effectively with multi-step problem-solving

2. The Need for AI Usage Guidelines

A major gap identified in the study was the absence of clear company guidelines for AI-assisted coding. Developers emphasized the importance of setting rules on:

📌 What types of code can be safely generated with AI
📌 How to secure sensitive or proprietary information when using LLMs
📌 Ethical considerations on AI-generated intellectual property

3. The Role of AI in Computer Science Education

Several developers expressed concerns that students might rely too heavily on AI-generated solutions, weakening their problem-solving skills. Some suggested integrating “AI literacy” into computer science curricula, teaching students:

📌 How to use AI assistively instead of dependently
📌 Responsible AI practices & bias awareness
📌 Prompt engineering skills for better results

🔥 Key Takeaways (What This Means for You)

📌 AI coding assistants are here to stay. They’re transforming how developers work, making tasks like debugging, documentation, and boilerplate code generation faster.

📌 LLMs are best for routine coding tasks, but human expertise is essential. AI is great at code generation and ideation but can’t critically evaluate complex software design like experienced developers.

📌 AI output requires manual review. Developers must verify all AI-generated code before using it, as hallucinations and over-engineering are common issues.

📌 Prompt engineering skills matter. Developers who carefully fine-tune their queries get the best results when working with AI.

📌 AI won’t replace developers – but it will reshape jobs. Entry-level programmers might face fewer coding tasks, but AI will create new roles requiring human oversight and decision-making.

📌 Adapt and experiment with AI, but don’t blindly trust it. Be aware of AI’s strengths and weaknesses when integrating it into your workflow.

🙋‍♂️ How do you use AI tools in your daily coding? Have they helped or hindered your workflow? Let’s discuss in the comments!

Final Thoughts

AI-powered coding assistants like ChatGPT and GitHub Copilot aren’t perfect—but they are becoming an invaluable tool in the modern developer’s toolkit. As this study shows, early adopters are already benefiting from AI-assisted coding while learning how to navigate its limitations.

As AI continues to improve, it will shift how developers work, but human expertise will always be critical in software engineering. With the right balance of AI assistance and human oversight, developers can leverage these tools to enhance productivity, accelerate learning, and build better software. 🚀

💡 Want to stay ahead of the curve? Start experimenting with AI-powered coding assistants today and refine your AI prompting skills for better efficiency!

If you are looking to improve your prompting skills and haven’t already, check out our free Advanced Prompt Engineering course.

This blog post is based on the research article “LLMs’ Reshaping of People, Processes, Products, and Society in Software Development: A Comprehensive Exploration with Early Adopters” by Authors: Benyamin Tabarsi, Heidi Reichert, Ally Limke, Sandeep Kuttal, Tiffany Barnes. You can find the original article here.